Spatial mismatch, optimized pathways, and cumulative benefits of retired battery high‑value utilization in China. (IMAGE)
Caption
Spatial mismatch, optimized pathways, and cumulative benefits of retired battery high‑value utilization in China. The study’s integrated framework identifies three interconnected dimensions of retired electric‑vehicle battery management in China (2020–2050). Left: Spatial separation between retirement supply (concentrated in eastern, economically developed provinces) and high‑value demand centers (renewable‑rich western regions for storage, and manufacturing hubs for direct recycling). Center: An optimized strategy that coordinates interprovincial transport networks, second‑life power storage, and direct recycling to overcome geographical barriers. Right: Cumulative outcomes relative to the business‑as‑usual scenario—unlocking 6.1 billion tons of CO₂‑equivalent climate mitigation and nearly 3.9 trillion Chinese yuan (CNY) in system‑wide cost savings during 2020-2050. The results demonstrate that early, integrated spatial planning can transform logistical constraints into substantial environmental and economic gains.
Credit
Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
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CC BY