Comparison of autonomous driving systems architectures. (IMAGE)
Caption
The modularized approach (top) separates the driving task into distinct stages—perception, prediction, planning (including route, behavior, and motion planning), and control—each handled by specialized components. In contrast, the end-to-end approach (bottom) uses a single large neural network to directly map raw sensor inputs (e.g., camera, light detection and ranging (LiDAR)) to control signals, bypassing explicit intermediate modules.
Credit
Yuxuan Zhu, Shiyi Wang, Wenqing Zhong, Nianchen Shen, Yunqi Li, Siqi Wang, Zhiheng Li, Cathy Wu, Zhengbing He, Li Li
Usage Restrictions
Credit must be given to the creator. Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted. No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted.
License
CC BY-NC-ND