Interannual Variability in Marine Isoprene Emissions Modulated by ENSO Dynamics. (IMAGE)
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Key factors and processes driving the difference in marine isoprene emission between El Niño and La Niña years. BIO emission and SML emission exhibit a zonal dipole pattern between the equatorial central Pacific and the equatorial western Pacific. SML emission also shows a meridional tripole pattern in the tropical central Pacific. In the equatorial central Pacific, anomalous enhancement of SST is accompanied by anomalous ascending, increased total cloud cover (TCC), and reduced surface solar radiation downwards (SSRD), collectively suppressing BIO emission and SML emission. In addition, the decline in BIO emission is sensitive to a shallower mixed layer depth (MLD) and reduced sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), whereas the suppression of SML emission is driven by weakened sea surface wind (SSW) and reduced air-sea exchange rate. Shadings in ocean indicate SST difference between El Niño and La Niña.
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