Schematic diagram for the impact of orographic gravity wave drag on the “21.7” Zhengzhou extreme precipitation in China. (IMAGE)

Science China Press

Schematic diagram for the impact of orographic gravity wave drag on the “21.7” Zhengzhou extreme precipitation in China.

Caption

(a) The OGWD acts to decelerate the low-level easterly flow, which enhances the blocking effect of the model-resolved orography on the low-level mesoscale vortex. Consequently, the vortex stays to the east of Taihang Mountains and locally increases the moisture convergence, producing extreme precipitation in Zhengzhou. (b) When the OGWD is omitted, the low-level mesoscale vortex moves westward and climbs over the Taihang Mountains, leading to a decrease in rainfall intensity and northwestward shift of rainfall center.

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