A systematic framework for multi-liquid identification using spatiotemporally programmable metasurface. (IMAGE)
Caption
The systematic framework for the proposed multi-liquid identification is depicted in Fig. 1. The system comprises a space-time-coding metasurface illuminated by a feeding pyramidal horn antenna, a receiving monopole antenna, a personal computer (PC), and a universal software radio peripheral (USRP) device. The metasurface is dynamically controlled by a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based circuit, while the USRP device interfaces with the feeding horn, the receiving antenna, and the PC. An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is generated on the PC, modulated by the USRP, and transmitted via the feeding horn antenna. The metasurface, governed by the FPGA control circuit, transforms the incident signal into multiple radiation beams, each characterized by distinct frequencies and propagating along predefined directions. These beams individually illuminate the liquids positioned along their respective paths. The signals scattered by the multiple liquids are captured by the monopole antenna and subsequently transmitted to the PC for analysis. Notably, AI classification algorithms are implemented on the PC to accurately identify and distinguish the different liquids.
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