Mitochondrial dynamics in normal and cancer cells (IMAGE)
Caption
Mitochondrial dynamics, governed by the interplay of fission and fusion proteins, are essential for maintaining cellular function and homeostasis. Fission facilitates glycolysis, mitophagy, apoptosis, and cell division, while fusion supports ATP production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). In normal cells, the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission ensures proper cellular health and function. However, in cancer cells, this balance is disrupted, with a shift toward increased fission. This imbalance fuels uncontrolled proliferation, metastasis, and the preservation of cancer stem cell phenotypes, underscoring the pivotal role of altered mitochondrial dynamics in cancer progression. ATP, adenosine triphosphate; mROS, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.
Credit
Bhuban Ruidas
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License
CC BY-NC