Systemic inflammation (IMAGE) University of Luxembourg Caption Fine particulate matter can enter via the bloodstream (systemic route) or the olfactory nerve (olfactory route), crossing the blood–brain barrier and causing local inflammatory effects in the brain. Fine particulate matter may also induce systemic inflammation, leading to impairments in the brain. Credit B. Aretz, G. Doblhammer, M. T. Heneka, Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 2024. Usage Restrictions B. Aretz, G. Doblhammer, M. T. Heneka, Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 2024. License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.