Fatty acid metabolism. Fatty acid uptake by the liver depends on fatty acid transport carriers, including FATP, CD36, and CAV-1 (IMAGE)
Caption
The raw material for de novo fatty acid synthesis is acetyl-CoA, which can be obtained via the citrate shuttle pathway or from acetic acid. ACC and FASN catalyze the conversion of acetyl-CoA into saturated palmitic acid, which can be further modified into other fatty acids by enzymes such as SCD. De novo fatty acid synthesis is promoted by SREBPs. Conversely, the β-oxidation of fatty acids occurs in the mitochondria. Fatty acids are converted into fatty acyl-CoA by ACSL and transported via CPT-1 before being oxidized to acetyl-CoA. Fatty acid β-oxidation is promoted by PPARα. FAs, fatty acids; FASN, fatty acid synthase; SREBP, sterol-regulatory element binding protein; FASN, fatty acid synthase; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; ACLY, ATP citrate lyase; ACSS, acetyl-CoA synthetase; ACSL, acyl-CoA synthetase; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; CPT-1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1.
Credit
Jun Xing, Kaiguang Zhang, Xiaoxi Feng, Rutong Zhang
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License
CC BY-NC